关于橄榄球比赛掷币规则的简单介绍

mike-dog

由于发现都2024年了，还有球队因对美式橄榄球比赛开始前的掷币规则不熟悉导致失去先攻机会，所以写着一篇介绍给各位菜鸟队长们看看。

首先贴一下2023NFL Rulebook的英文原版中关于掷币规则的内容，在第11页。

ARTICLE 2.  TOSS OF COIN. Not more than three minutes before the kickoff of the first half, the Referee, in the presence of
both team’s captains (limit of six per team, active, inactive or honorary) shall toss a coin at the center of the field. Prior to the
Referee’s toss, the call of “heads” or “tails” must be made by the captain of the visiting team, or by the captain designated by the
Referee if there is no home team. Unless the winner of the toss defers his choice to the second half, he must choose one of two
privileges, and the loser is given the other. The two privileges are:
(a) The opportunity to receive the kickoff, or to kick off; or
(b) The choice of goal his team will defend.
If the coin does not turn over in the air or the toss is compromised in any way, the Referee shall toss it again. The captain’s
original call may not be changed.
Penalty: For failure to comply: Loss of coin-toss option for both halves and overtime, and loss of 15 yards from the
spot of the kickoff for the first half.
For the second half, the captain who lost the pregame toss is to have the first choice of the two privileges listed in (a) or (b),
unless one of the teams lost its first and second half options, or unless the winner of the pregame toss deferred his choice to the
second half, in which case he must choose (a) or (b) above. Immediately prior to the start of the second half, the captains of
both teams must inform the Referee of their respective choices.
A captain’s first choice from any alternative privileges listed above is final and not subject to change.


如果看不懂没关系，我再贴一下AF1老师翻译的2021NFL Rulebook的中文版中关于掷币规则的内容，在第12页。

第2条 掷币。在上半场踢开球前三分钟之内，主裁判应在场地中央，于双方球队队长（每队限六人，可以处于激
活名单及未激活名单中，或为荣誉队长）面前掷币。在主裁判掷币前，客场球队队长，或在没有主场球队的情况
下，由主裁判指定的球队队长，必须选择“正面”或“反面”。除非掷币的胜者将他的选择推迟到下半场，否则
他必须选择两项权力之一，而负者则被给予另外一项。两项权力是：
(a) 获得接踢开球的机会，或进行踢开球；或
(b) 选择他的球队防守的球门。
如果硬币未在空中翻转，或掷币过程被干扰，主裁判应该再次掷币。队长的初始选择不得变更。
判罚：未能服从程序：失去上下半场和加时赛的掷币选择权，并从上半场的踢开球地点失去15码。
下半场，在赛前掷币中获负的队长对(a)和(b)中列出的两项权力有第一选择权，除非其中一队根据4-2-1的规则失
去了它的上下半场选择权；或除非赛前掷币的胜者将他的选择推迟到了下半场，在此情况下他必须选择上述的(a)
或(b)。在下半场开始前，双方球队的队长必须通知主裁判他们各自的选择。
队长从上述列出的任何权力中作出的第一选择即为最终选择，不可更改。


如果还嫌字多，没关系，记住以下四条内容就够了：
1、如果掷币成功，想在上半场先攻，就选接踢开球。
2、如果掷币成功，想在下半场先攻，就选推迟选择（Defer），然后在中场的时候选择接踢开球。
3、如果掷币失败，对方选择推迟选择，那你必须选择接踢开球，否则可能失去上半场的先攻机会。
4、如果掷币成功，想给对方挖坑，那就选推迟选择（Defer），然后等对方球队选择踢球或者场地，那你就可以在上下半场都获得先攻机会。


2023NFL Rulebook的英文原版下载链接：https://operations.nfl.com/media/tvglh0mx/2023-rulebook_final.pdf
AF1老师翻译的2021NFL Rulebook的中文版下载链接：https://www.tdl100.com/thread-22704-1-1.html

cardinal

感谢楼主的分享